AEGIS

AEGIS: Audit and Evaluate deconvolution outputs in Grid-based Spatial transcriptomics.

AEGIS is an R package for basic auditing of spatial deconvolution outputs on Seurat spatial objects, with a minimal and reproducible Human Lymph Node workflow.

Installation

install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("JamesWu7/AEGIS")

Workflow at a Glance

AEGIS now supports three primary workflows:

1. Simulated method outputs for development and demos (simulate_deconv_results()).
2. Real exported outputs from external methods through adapter readers (e.g. read_rctd(), read_spotlight(), read_cell2location(), read_card(), read_destvi(), read_stdeconvolve()), plus read_deconv_table() for generic spot-by-celltype tables.
3. One-shot deconvolution orchestration for directly runnable methods (run_deconvolution(), run_aegis_full()), with explicit run-vs-import capability metadata from get_supported_methods().

For day-to-day use, the recommended minimal API is:

1. load_10x_lymphnode() or load_10x_spatial_set()
2. run_aegis()
3. score_methods() -> rank_methods() -> compute_consensus(strategy = "weighted")
4. plot_compare() / plot_audit() / render_report()

One-shot Deconvolution (P9)

AEGIS now provides a unified orchestration layer that can run selected methods when their runtime dependencies are available, and then hand off standardized outputs into downstream AEGIS analysis.

seu <- load_10x_lymphnode()

res <- run_deconvolution(
  seu = seu,
  reference = ref,
  methods = c("SPOTlight", "RCTD", "CARD"),
  strict = FALSE
)

obj <- run_aegis(res$seu, deconv = res$deconv, markers = markers)

or one-shot end to end:

obj <- run_aegis_full(
  seu = seu,
  reference = ref,
  methods = c("SPOTlight", "RCTD", "CARD"),
  markers = markers,
  strict = FALSE
)

Use get_supported_methods() to inspect exact support mode (run_and_import_r, run_and_import_python, import_only) before execution.

Quick Start (Simulated)

library(AEGIS)

seu <- load_10x_lymphnode()
deconv <- simulate_deconv_results(seu)
markers <- readRDS(system.file("extdata", "marker_list.rds", package = "AEGIS"))
obj <- run_aegis(seu, deconv = deconv, markers = markers)
obj <- score_methods(obj)
obj <- rank_methods(obj, method = "rra")
obj <- compute_consensus(obj, strategy = "weighted")

p_rank <- plot_compare(obj, type = "ranking")
p_dis <- plot_compare(obj, type = "disagreement_map")
p_conf <- plot_compare(obj, type = "confidence_map")

Import Real Deconvolution Results (P8)

AEGIS imports exported result tables from external methods. It does not install or run external backends. For Python/deep-learning methods, export spot-by-celltype tables first, then import into AEGIS.

seu <- load_10x_lymphnode()

rctd <- read_rctd("path/to/rctd_output.csv")
spotlight <- read_spotlight("path/to/spotlight_output.tsv")
cell2location <- read_cell2location("path/to/cell2location_output.csv")

obj <- as_aegis(
  seu,
  deconv = list(
    RCTD = rctd,
    SPOTlight = spotlight,
    cell2location = cell2location
  )
)

obj <- audit_basic(obj)
obj <- compare_methods(obj)
obj <- compute_consensus(obj)

For cell2location, export posterior abundance/proportion tables to csv/tsv/txt first, then import with read_cell2location().

Method Support Matrix

Method	Support mode	Run in R	Run via Python	Import exported results	Notes
RCTD	run_and_import_r	Yes (run_rctd)	No	Yes (read_rctd)	Direct run requires spacexr
SPOTlight	run_and_import_r	Yes (run_spotlight)	No	Yes (read_spotlight)	Direct run requires SPOTlight
CARD	run_and_import_r	Yes (run_card)	No	Yes (read_card)	Direct run requires CARD
cell2location	run_and_import_python	No	Optional (run_cell2location)	Yes (read_cell2location)	Python/reticulate environment required
stereoscope	run_and_import_python	No	Optional (run_stereoscope)	Yes (read_stereoscope)	Python/reticulate environment required
DestVI	run_and_import_python	No	Optional (run_destvi)	Yes (read_destvi)	Python/reticulate environment required
Tangram	run_and_import_python	No	Optional (run_tangram)	Yes (read_tangram)	Mapping-style composition input
SpatialDWLS	import_only	No	No	Yes (read_spatialdwls)	Table adapter
STdeconvolve	import_only	No	No	Yes (read_stdeconvolve)	Latent labels allowed
DSTG	import_only	No	No	Yes (read_dstg)	Table adapter
STRIDE	import_only	No	No	Yes (read_stride)	Topic-only strict checks supported

Additional Import Examples

card <- read_card("path/to/card.csv")
destvi <- read_destvi("path/to/destvi.csv")
stdec <- read_stdeconvolve("path/to/stdeconvolve.csv")

obj <- as_aegis(
  seu,
  deconv = list(
    CARD = card,
    DestVI = destvi,
    STdeconvolve = stdec
  )
)

Multi-sample Workflow (P6)

seu_list <- load_10x_spatial_set(
  paths = c("sample1_dir", "sample2_dir"),
  sample_ids = c("sample1", "sample2")
)

deconv_nested <- list(
  sample1 = list(RCTD = rctd1, SPOTlight = spotlight1),
  sample2 = list(RCTD = rctd2, SPOTlight = spotlight2)
)

obj_multi <- run_aegis(seu_list, deconv = deconv_nested, markers = markers)

summary_tbl <- summarize_by_sample(obj_multi)
render_report_batch(obj_multi, output_dir = "reports")

Tutorials

If GitHub Pages is temporarily unavailable, use the preview fallback links or the source .Rmd links below.

• Quick Start tutorial (includes simplified plot_compare visualizations and RRA/mean-rank selection) (pkgdown page, source)
• One-step deconvolution tutorial (step-by-step run_deconvolution() -> run_aegis() -> plot_compare(type = "ranking") -> render_report() workflow, with explicit run-vs-import decisions) (pkgdown page, source)
• Deconvolution from Scratch + Real Data tutorial (Human Lymph Node) (step-by-step real-data workflow covering run_deconvolution(), run_aegis(), plot_compare(), ranking, weighted consensus, and render_report()) (pkgdown page, source)

Local preview HTML files are also kept in vignettes/ for direct viewing: vignettes/AEGIS-overview.html, vignettes/AEGIS-one-step-deconvolution.html, and vignettes/AEGIS-complete-tutorial.html.

Key Functions

• load_10x_lymphnode(): load the Human Lymph Node 10x spatial dataset into a Seurat object.
• simulate_deconv_results(): generate realistic mock method outputs (spot-by-celltype proportions).
• read_rctd(): import exported RCTD result tables/RDS and standardize to spot-by-celltype.
• read_spotlight(): import exported SPOTlight result tables/RDS and standardize to spot-by-celltype.
• read_cell2location(): import exported cell2location tables/RDS (abundance or proportion) and standardize.
• read_card(), read_spatialdwls(), read_stereoscope(), read_destvi(), read_tangram(), read_stdeconvolve(), read_dstg(), read_stride(): method-specific import adapters.
• read_deconv_table(): generic importer for spot-by-celltype exported tables.
• get_supported_methods(): inspect method capability registry and support modes.
• run_deconvolution(): unified deconvolution orchestrator across runnable/import-only methods.
• run_aegis_full(): one-shot wrapper from deconvolution dispatch to full AEGIS downstream analysis.
• run_spotlight(), run_card(), run_rctd(): R-native runner wrappers (dependency-aware).
• run_cell2location(), run_destvi(), run_tangram(), run_stereoscope(): optional Python-backed runner wrappers via reticulate.
• as_aegis(): validate inputs and create the internal aegis S3 object.
• audit_basic(): compute per-spot and per-method basic quality metrics.
• audit_marker(): quantify marker-expression support and method concordance.
• audit_spatial(): compute neighborhood-based local inconsistency metrics.
• compare_methods(): summarize cross-method agreement by cell type and spot.
• score_methods(): score methods from marker/spatial/agreement/stability evidence.
• rank_methods(): aggregate evidence into robust method rankings (rra or mean_rank).
• compute_consensus(): integrate methods with mean / weighted / trimmed_mean strategies and return disagreement/confidence.
• plot_compare(): unified comparison visualization entry (heatmap, spot_agreement, consensus_map, disagreement_map, confidence_map, ranking).
• plot_method_ranking(): optional advanced alias for ranking (primary entry remains plot_compare(type = "ranking")).
• plot_disagreement_map(): tissue-context map of spot-level cross-method disagreement.
• plot_consensus_confidence(): tissue-context map of spot-level consensus confidence.
• run_aegis(): one-call pipeline for single-sample or multi-sample workflows.

Example Figures

Spatial transcriptomics slice (Human Lymph Node)

Human Lymph Node slice

Basic audit (dominance)

Dominance spatial map

Cross-method agreement heatmap

Figure regenerated with all methods from get_supported_methods()$method_name (11 methods); if labels look dense on mobile, open the image for full-size viewing.

Method ranking

Ranking is aggregated across the same full method set (mean-rank meta-style evidence synthesis).

Method ranking

Spot-level agreement

Spot-level agreement

Consensus confidence

Consensus confidence

Citation

citation("AEGIS")

BibTeX:

@Manual{Wu2026AEGIS,
  title = {AEGIS: Audit and Evaluate Deconvolution Outputs in Grid-Based Spatial Transcriptomics},
  author = {Xinjie Wu},
  year = {2026},
  note = {R package version 0.1.0},
  url = {https://github.com/JamesWu7/AEGIS}
}